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The falcata is a type of one-handed sword most associated with the Iberian peninsula (modern-day Spain and Portugal) prior to Roman occupation.

The sword is characterized by a single inward edge blade that is concave toward the hilt while convex near the tip, distributing the weight forward. The grip typically wraps around the back of the hand and is often decorated.

Spanish writer Fernando Fulgosio-Carasa (1831-1873) coined the term falcata in 1872 to describe the particular shape of its blade. The word is derived from the Latin falcatus, meaning curved or scythe-shaped and a cognate for "falcon-shaped."
Falcon Shape Falcata Shape

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